Interview local G3 kiwi growers in Sichuan who hope to cooperate with Zespri for sales in the future 流氓種植者渴望加入Zespri 采訪四川本地的G3獼猴桃種植者
In China, growers of Zespri’s proprietary varieties want to produce their fruit under the label it was taken from.
Kiwifruit orchardists growing the Zespri G3 variety in Sichuan province are keen to have their fruit sold under the label of the company it was taken from.
在中國，Zespri專有品種的種植者希望按照其原始標簽生產(chǎn)水果。
在四川省種植Zespri G3品種的獼猴桃果農(nóng)們熱衷于以該公司的標簽出售他們的水果。
A recent China court ruling has confirmed China’s commitment to upholding its newly boosted plant variety protection rules, with the defendant being fined NZ$1.3 million and ordered to pull out his 260-plus hectares of G3 vines. The grower is appealing the judgement.
中國法院最近的一項裁決證實了中國對維護其新加強的植物品種保護規(guī)則的承諾，被告被罰款130萬新西蘭元，并被命令拔除260多公頃的G3葡萄藤。種植者正在對判決提出上訴。
However, there is tacit acknowledgement within the industry that the cost of taking case-by-case court action rules out ever being able to rein in growers of an estimated 5000ha in Sichuan alone.
For local husband-and-wife growers Mr Chen and Miss Xu, obtaining G3 rootstock presented an opportunity to turn their bare 4ha block of heavy soil into a kiwifruit orchard. Four years on they say they are still learning the intricacies of the crop and are working hard to meet “NZ standard” fruit.
然而，業(yè)內人士默認，采取逐案訴訟的成本排除了僅在四川就能夠控制估計5000公頃種植者的可能性。
對于當?shù)氐姆蚱薹N植者陳和徐來說，獲得G3砧木為他們提供了一個機會，可以將他們光禿禿的4公頃厚土變成獼猴桃園。四年過去了，他們說他們仍在學習這種作物的復雜性，并正在努力達到“新西蘭標準”的水果。
▲Mr Chen and Miss Xu
“The local Red variety – Donghong – and other local varieties are better suited to this soil. But we wish to continue with G3, in the hope we may be able to supply Zespri with it in the future,” said Miss Xu.
Their orchard is one of 20 Zespri included in its recently concluded five-year monitoring and observation programme in the Chengdu region.
徐小姐說：“當?shù)氐募t品種——東紅——和其他當?shù)仄贩N更適合這種土壤。但我們希望繼續(xù)使用G3，希望我們將來能為Zespri提供它。”。
他們的果園是最近結束的成都地區(qū)五年監(jiān)測和觀察計劃中包括的20個Zespri之一。
Sichuan orchardist Miss Xu says she and her husband are very keen to continue growing G3 fruit, hoping to collaborate with Zespri to supply out-of-season fruit to complement NZ growers’ produce. Photo: Richard Rennie
A key drawcard for the couple wanting to supply Zespri with G3 to meet counter-seasonal supply to complement NZ supply is the premium Zespri fruit gain in the Chinese market. Typically, the difference can be double what local varieties of Gold fruit get per kg, and 30% above the unauthorised local G3 fruit.
“But we are also very interested in receiving advice from Zespri on ways to improve our crop and our practices.”
They say the G3 is less vulnerable to many diseases than local varieties of kiwifruit.
想要向Zespri供應G3以滿足反季節(jié)供應以補充新西蘭供應的夫婦的一個關鍵吸引力是Zespri水果在中國市場的溢價增長。通常，這種差異可能是當?shù)攸S金水果每公斤的兩倍，比未經(jīng)授權的當?shù)谿3水果高出30%。
“但我們也非常有興趣聽取Zespri關于如何改善我們的作物和做法的建議。”
他們說，G3比當?shù)仄贩N的獼猴桃更不容易感染許多疾病。
The heavy soils receive organic and chemical fertilisers and approved insecticides.
Psa disease does not affect their G3 as it does the local Red variety. They say, however, that a key challenge is fruit dropping off vines just prior to harvest.
重質土壤接受有機和化學肥料以及批準的殺蟲劑。
Psa病不會像當?shù)氐募t品種那樣影響它們的G3。然而，他們說，一個關鍵的挑戰(zhàn)是水果在收獲前從葡萄藤上掉下來。
But they see more upside in G3’s yield potential, harvesting about 37 tonnes of fruit a hectare compared to most NZ orchards’ 45t/ha. To protect fruit and aid ripening, all fruit is bagged on the vine prior to harvest.
They say they have generated a “reasonable” profit to date.
但他們認為G3的產(chǎn)量潛力更大，每公頃可收獲約37噸水果，而新西蘭大多數(shù)果園的產(chǎn)量為45噸/公頃。為了保護果實并促進成熟，所有果實在收獲前都會在葡萄藤上裝袋。
他們表示，迄今為止，他們已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了“合理”的利潤。
▲For Zhang Ping, the move from government office job to kiwifruit growing is highly rewarding, and earns him a better income. Photo: Richard Rennie
With their hope of being taken into a collaborative partnership dashed when the 2021 NZ grower vote went against a China production trial, the couple are in something of a holding pattern.
“It would depend upon what Zespri was to do for us whether we would commit or not,” said Miss Xu.
由于2021年新西蘭種植者投票反對中國生產(chǎn)試驗，他們希望建立合作伙伴關系的希望破滅了，這對夫婦處于觀望狀態(tài)。
徐小姐說：“這取決于澤斯普里為我們做了什么，我們是否會承諾。”。
For fellow orchardist Zhang Ping, the incentive for planting G3 several years ago on 3.5ha was the potential for co-operation with its source company Zespri.
He closely researched orchard layout and fruit type, opting for Bounty rootstock as better suited to his heavy soil and offering good disease resistance.
對于同為果園主的張平來說，幾年前在3.5公頃的土地上種植G3的動機是與它的來源公司Zespri合作的潛力。
他仔細研究了果園布局和果實類型，選擇了Bounty砧木，因為它更適合他的重土，并且具有良好的抗病性。
As an ex-government employee, he has come to orcharding having had enough of office work, and is keen to leave a legacy for his two children. He said his income from kiwifruit growing is higher than what he made in the government job.
Being new to orcharding he found plenty of technical support to help him learn to grow kiwifruit better, and said his biggest challenge is finding workers year round, while labour costs have also risen 15% in the last two years.
作為一名前政府雇員，他已經(jīng)厭倦了辦公室工作，并熱衷于為他的兩個孩子留下遺產(chǎn)。他說，他種植獼猴桃的收入高于他在政府工作的收入。
作為果園的新手，他找到了大量的技術支持來幫助他更好地學習種植獼猴桃，并表示他最大的挑戰(zhàn)是全年都能找到工人，而勞動力成本在過去兩年中也上漲了15%。
“Growers are around with lots of expertise, and they are happy to share their information and experience.”
Living in the city of Chengdu, Zhang monitors his orchard remotely, overseeing soil moisture and irrigation application through his smart phone.
“種植者擁有豐富的專業(yè)知識，他們很樂意分享他們的信息和經(jīng)驗?！?br /> 張住在成都，他通過智能手機遠程監(jiān)控果園，監(jiān)測土壤濕度和灌溉應用。
He applies a tonne a month a hectare of organic matter to build topsoil quality and aid drainage on the heavier areas. Applying organic composted fertiliser has also helped improve the soil.
“For me orcharding is something I can do for my kids, and it is important to produce healthy agricultural produce.”
他每月每公頃施用一噸有機物，以提高表層土質量，并幫助較重地區(qū)排水。施用有機堆肥肥料也有助于改善土壤。
“對我來說，果園是我可以為孩子們做的事情，生產(chǎn)健康的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品很重要?！?/p>
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